Subaqueous Railway tunnels
Country Tunnel Length Year completed
England - Wales Severn 7 008 m 1886
Canada - USA St. Clair, Grand Trunk railway, Port Huron (single tube) 1 835 m 24.10.1891
USA Hudson River, New York, 2 tubes (shield) 1 730 m 1905
Canada - USA Detroit River, Windsor (World's oldest immersed steel tube) 2 557 m 10.1910
Japan Kanmon (2 single track tubes) 3 613 m 1942/1944
USA San Francisco Trans-Bay (immersed tube) 5 600 m 1974
Japan Shin Kanmon (pdf) 18 716 m 1975
Japan Sei-kan (Tsugaru kaikyo) 53 850 m 1988
England - France Channel tunnel 50 450 m 1994
Canada - USA New St. Clair (Sarnia, Ontario - Port Huron, Michigan) 1 870 m 05.05.1995
Denmark Storeb�lt 8 024 m 1997
Denmark �resund (immersed tube Denmark-Sweden) 4 050 m 2000
Turkey Marmaray Rail Tube Istanbul. (1400 m immersed tube, -55 m) 13 600 m 2010


Some projects for the future?
Country Tunnel Length
China Mainland - Taiwan 125 km
Estonia - Finland Tallin - Helsinki 54 - 80 km
Finland - Sweden Ume� - Vaasa 25 - 48 km
Ireland - Wales Dublin - Holyhead, Irish Sea 95 km
Japan - Korea Tsushima-kaikyo (Strait) and Korean Strait

55 + 65 km
Russia - Ukraine Kerch Strait (Krasnodar - Krym) 45 000 m
Marokko - Spain Gibraltar 38.7 km
Russia Sakhalin (Tunnel under Tatarskij Proliv)
Stalin's forced-labor project to link Sahalin to the mainland,
abadoned after a few km, at present intent but no money to finish it
10 - 20 km
Russia - USA Bering Strait 74.4 km

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This page was last modified on January 04, 2007